Understanding Refractive Errors: Hyperopia

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Greetings to all and sundry,

I hope you are doing well and staying safe. I am hapyy to come your way once again with a continuation of our previous lesson on understanding refractive errors.

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image by @nattybongo

In our previous discussion we learnt something about how refractive errors come about generally and proceeded to look at myopia. For our lessons today we are going to be looking at Hyperopia.

I do hope you enjoy todays edition and i do hope you have a wonderful read.


Hyperopia

Hyperopia also know as farsightedness or hypermetropia is a refractive state or condition of the eye where images that is coming from a far of distance that 6meters and more tend to be focused behind the retina.

The retina is the part of the eye which receives light stimulus from the environment and convert it into electrical impulses for transmission to the brain for interpretation.

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When images fall in front or behind it blur images are formed which when sent to the brain it's interpreted accordingly. In the case of hyperopia the image forms behind it however the eye has a mechanism in place which helps this case as opposed to that of myopia.

This system is called accommodation. Accomodation is simply the eye increasing it's refractive power with the help of some muscle contractions in the eye to make it a little more powerful in bringing light rays from the behind the retina to the retina for a sharper image to be formed.

Ideally this system is for viewing near objects however due to refractive error, hyperopia the eye makes use of this system consistently to enable the individual to see well at all times, and so whiles a myope would have blurred vision seeing at far, the hyperope sees quite clearly from afar.

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But there is a downside, because this system is overused or over stressed for a purpose it is not meant for, these individuals tend to have repercussions for that including, binocular vision and accomodation anomalies such as difficulty sustaining near work clarity, they also tend to have headaches, sometimes ocular ache and other asthenopia.


Way Forward

To help reduce this stress on the system whiles providing the necessary power or support to still maintain clear or optimum vision for a hyerope your optometrist would prescribe lenses or glasses for your daily usage.

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image by @nattybongo

Just as we previously explained or talked about, the lenses are not drugs and do not correct your error permanently, it is corrected so long as your wear your glasses and so when you take it off, you may see as clearly as you may have been seeing with your lens but the stress on the system is activated once again.

This does not mean you can't do with your lens at all though although we advise to wear it at all times or as often as you can but you can put it down every now and then especially when you are home, resting, taking a nap etc, things that may not necessarily warrant your vision usage.


Other Management Options

Due to the nature of work for some individuals use of glasses may not be ideal for them, for instance a sports person and glasses wouldn't tally and so there are other options for you to discuss with your Optometrist aside glasses wear.

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Some of this include contact lens usage, there is also orthokeratology therapy which you can try, there is lasik surgery and other invasive surgeries which you can discuss with your ophthalmologist.


Conclusion

In all it is recommend to always consult your optometrist or ophthalmologist before making any decisions. When in doubt seek our right information from the right source always. Remember vision is not something to be joked with because when lost it may not be possible to regain.

Thanks once again for your time in reading and i do hope you have a wonderful week. Do leave your comments in the section below and i will be well to respond to every single one of them.


For extra reading

Castagno VD, Fassa AG, Carret ML, Vilela MA, Meucci RD. Hyperopia: a meta-analysis of prevalence and a review of associated factors among school-aged children. BMC Ophthalmol. 2014 Dec 23;14:163. doi: 10.1186/1471-2415-14-163. PMID: 25539893; PMCID: PMC4391667.

Sánchez-García A, Batres-Valderas L, Piñero DP. Orthokeratology With a New Contact Lens Design in Hyperopia: A Pilot Study. Eye Contact Lens. 2020 May;46(3):e17-e23. doi: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000611. PMID: 30985486.

LASIK: What You Should Know. Am Fam Physician. 2017 May 15;95(10):Online. PMID: 28671411.



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Thanks for the enlightenment bro

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