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Many satellites are constantly revolving around our earth. Today's world cannot be imagined without these satellites. These satellites are playing a very important role in the progress of mankind. It is a technological development that has made people's lives easier. No society can develop rapidly without communication technology. Today we have people on one side of the world communicating with people on the other side, instantly and at very little cost. It is a magic of satellites. Not only in communication technology, satellites are important in many ways.

How does satellite work? Regarding this question, We understand this very well through Isaac Newton's cannonball thought experiment. His experiment is very popular and effective. We know that

Newton's law of gravitation, statement that any particle of matter in the universe attracts any other with a force varying directly as the product of the masses and inversely as the square of the distance between them. source

If we shoot an object above the earth or parallel to the earth, it will return to the earth within a short time. Because the force of gravity will act on that object.

Now let's come to the cannonball thought experiment. If a cannonball is thrown from a tall hill at low speed, it will hit the ground after passing a small distance. If thrown at a higher speed than this, it will go a little further. But a cannonball fired from a high hill at 7,300 m/s will continue to orbit the Earth. The trajectory of the cannonball would be circular because it would want to bend at a certain rate and hit the Earth but that would not be possible due to the spherical shape of the Earth. This cannonball will continue to revolve around the earth as it falls on the earth. If the cannonball's speed is increased, its orbit will become elliptical. I like this theory.

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When the speed of the cannonball is 0 M /S or closer, it will quickly fall back to Earth

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When the speed of the cannonball is 6,000 M/S it will still fall into the Earth but after traveling a long way

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When the speed of the cannonball is 7,300 m/s it will not fall into the earth and will start to orbit the earth.

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When the speed of the cannonball is 8,000 m/s it will orbit the Earth in an elliptical path

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A satellite is sent into its orbit by a rocket The rocket was launched from Shuttle bay. At the time of launching the satellite, the speed of the rocket should be 25039 m / s After a satellite is launched and reaches its orbit, its exact orbital speed is given. Gravity is greater near the Earth, so if a satellite is to be orbited near the Earth, more speed is required. Again, if the rockets want to orbit the satellite in an orbit far away from the earth, its orbital speed is kept low because there is less gravitational force. At an altitude of 200 kilometers, the required orbital velocity is just over 27,400 kph. To maintain an orbit that is 35,786 km above Earth, the satellite must orbit at a speed of about 11,300 kph. That orbital speed and distance permits the satellite to make one revolution in 90 minutes. Since Earth rotates once in 24 hours, a satellite at 35,786 km altitude stays in a fixed position relative to a point on Earth's surface.

Many satellites are currently orbiting the earth. Small countries have also participated in satellite launches. You can also call it the satellite launch revolution. There are currently 4,550 satellites orbiting the Earth. You can also see the lights of some satellites in the night sky.

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Sources
Required sources are attached in this post. You can get more details from all those sources. Also links to various scientific terms have been added. The information written in this post was not invented by me. It is science that I have tried to explain in my own way. Mistakes are forgivable

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