RE: Going Cashless?
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Sweden is indeed a good example from technology advancement point of view. My country (The Netherlands) is, like Sweden is, on the forefront of cashless as well. Already for years the government is campaigning to use the bank card for payments, since a few years even the small amount, like 1 Euro bill. Interoperability between banks is all arranged and free of charge to the user. Since years, mobile banking is introduced and used by many. Driven by startup companies, our banks implementing all sort of useful tools around mobile banking, like payment requests to others (through email, kinda like paypal), or splitting a bill at a restaurant. What is still missing, is the ability to use mobile banking when being offline, ie no internet connection. I believe this is possible with a local phone wallet and pre deposited funds in the local wallet. The phone will connect to the other phone (the one with whom the tx will be made) through bluetooth technology (all smartphones have bluetooth). An in between form could be using SMS (text messaging); When not having internet coverage, cell phone coverage is available at almost any point in my country. This form would not need a local funds. Not too ling ago I created a proposition in a slide deck/video (https://peakd.com/hive-139531/@edje/uypgizkp). Two years ago a few festivals experimented with mobile tokens in replacement of physical tokens that is very common in NL at festivals, tokens that can be purchased at token ATMs at the festival. The problem they discovered, the mobile network and internet connections are not reliable enough. Too many people at a too little spot for mobile networks (+ extended network base stations / cells). But off course, the concept of a local internet, or offgrid type of electronic payment system, was not born yet. I even think its not born yet in crypto world as well, but I may have missed something :)
Anyways, no matter what the future will bring, we are going cashless, for sure.
ps We had the chip implants as well, mostly promoted by some of the clubs; Chips connected with a credit card. Though it works, I think we need a few decades still for many of us to accept such wallet. Maybe it'll never revive, since we will have our wallet in whatever we like, from jewellery, to glasses or anything else we carry easily with us. Sooner than later this will be created and marketed.
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I knew the Netherlands is also advanced in most things as I follow their evolution and had the pleasure to visit a decade ago. However, thanks for this detailed reply, it makes it easier to identify which country is closer to going cashless. I'm sure you'll get there way before the others though.
I know I've read somewhere about a smartwatch that had a wallet for small funds, like when you go running and you have like 20 euro on your watch to spend on a sport drink or water. That was also a good idea as when you're out to do sport, you can't carry much.
I'm curious to see how this paying offline thing will be resolved. It would be great, I'm sure.
There's something new every day and I'm amazed how some countries can adapt.
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I do hope we can make this happen one or the other way, since this is needed to go ture cashless. Though in countries like NL, we have a great internet coverage, at home, in office and while on the move. Still when the mobile network(s) have outages, one need to be able to pay. Also when coverage is not good enough. But for many other countries, they dont have a 100% coverage of the country with mobile networks, not wityh 2G, 3G, 4G and they will also not get there with 5G.
Another thing that canbe solved with local wallets with funds that one needs to move to (using internet obviously), is the possiblity to keep the p2p transactions in offgride mode, only local. Using blockchains, one can imagine to run a blockchain node within the phone app adopting the most decentralised network as possible. When makeing these protocols to be lightweight, it should be able to use any form of connectivity, whether it be internet, text messaging channel, bluetooth, or low frequency networks like LORA (this latter is developed for IOT, is relatively low bandwidth, but maybe enough to run a payment protocol across when internet/data coennectivity is not available: https://lora-alliance.org/). In NL we already have nationwide coverage of LORA... It's d*rn inexpensive to deploy due to low frequencies of the air signals. I forsee other countries deploying LORA networks as well any time soon.
I guess we'll see more in the near future as now there's no stopping, isn't it? New solution appear every day and we'll get there eventually.
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