How Karel syntax, code structure and compilation works

Karel is an old programming language for beginners, if you would like an introduction to Karel you can read my last post here.

This post talks about compiling Karel code and the process behind it.

Karel is one of the earliest programming languages to be used in teaching computer science.

Karel compiles into two types of code:

• .kl - this is an assembler, which can be compiled with a command line program called KAREL.EXE

• .pc - this is a p-code, which can be compiled with a command line program called PCKAREL.EXE

The Karel compiler takes input in the form of source code (.kl) and produces an executable (.pc).

How is Karel code structured?

Karel is a simple language, it can be used to make a robot execute different instructions depending on the commands given.

The Karel code is structured in four sections:

1. The program header

2. The main body

3. The end of the program

4. The comments section

How to translate and test Karel code

Karel code is written in the Karel programming language. It can be compiled into an executable program by using a compiler that translates the code into machine code.

The compiled program can be tested to see if it behaves as expected by running it on the computer's CPU or simulator.

The Karel environment has two modes: the TP mode and the command mode.

In TP mode, the user writes programs in a visual editor, which are then translated into source code (text) files and compiled by a compiler (which may also generate debugging information).

When debugging, it is possible to step through execution of an individual statement or expression, examine variable values at various points during execution

Errors in Karel

Karel is a subset of the Pascal programming language and it was designed to teach the basics of programming.

Karel has an interpreter as well as a compiler. The interpreter is used for testing and debugging, while the compiler translates TP programs into machine language which can be executed on a computer.

Common errors that you might encounter while running Karel code include syntax errors, runtime errors, semantic errors, logic errors, run-time error, compilation error, translation error and debugging error.

How to run Karel code

You have two options, you can either run Karel using either ROBOGUIDE or a controller.

ROBOGUIDE is a programming environment for Karel.

Controllers are the input and output devices that allow the user to interact with the robot.

Both can do the job but they just need a tp program which is a sequence of instructions that tells the robot what to do.