Nobel laureates 2022, Chemistry, Physics and Medicine

We are at the time when the new Nobel prizes are announced, we are going to do a quick review of the Nobel prizes in science, starting with the Nobel prize in chemistry that this year has been awarded to three people, Carolyn R. Bertozzi, K. Barry Sharpless and Morten Meldalque have laid out the foundation for a functional form of chemistry to make difficult processes easier.

It's what they call "click" chemistry where the molecular building blocks come together quickly and efficiently, and this is not done with a mouse and a computer, it's a chemical philosophy introduced by Karl Barry Sharpless of the Click Research Institute in 2001.

He describes it as a measured chemical operation to generate substances quickly and reliably by joining small units together, in fact, he is inspired that nature also generates substances by joining small modular units, to give an analogy the chemistry of the click, it would be to chemistry what Lego blocks are to construction.

The Nobel Prize in Physics was jointly awarded to Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser, and Anton Zeilinger for experiments with entangled photons establishing the violation of Bell's inequalities and pioneering quantum information science.

These three researchers have performed groundbreaking experiments using entangled quantum states in which two particles behave as a single unit even when separated.

In short, what is interesting is that their results have cleared the way for new information-based technologies and Quantum Teleportation.

And the 2022 Nobel Prize for Medicine was won by the Swedish biologist before Svante Pääbo, for his discoveries about the genomes of extinct hominids and human evolution.

Svante Pääbo was born in Stockholm in 1955, was awarded the Princess of Asturias in 2018 and it seems that the Nobel Prize is in her genes, since her father Sune Karl Bergström was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1982 and her mother is the chemist Karin Pääbo.

And it is that this is about genes since Pääbo has established a completely new scientific discipline paleogenomics, which looks for the genetic differences that distinguish all living humans from extinct hominids, which means that his discoveries provide us with the basis to explore what that makes us uniquely human.

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