The Robot (AI) That Defeated The World Chess Champion Garry Kasparov

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Due to the advancement in technology. AI (Artificial Intelligence) has grown rapidly and smarter machines, robots, computers have been developed. One of them is the Deep Blue AI (Artificial Intelligence) Computer Chess-Playing Expert System which was designed and developed by IBM in the early 1990s.


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Being an expert system, it uses artificial intelligence approaches and methods to solve problems within a specialized domain that ordinarily requires human expertise and also has the ability to make decisions like a human expert.

Expert systems are designed to resolve complex problems by reasoning through bodies of information, represented mainly as if-then rules instead of through conventional procedural code. the primary expert systems were created within the 1970s and proliferated within the 1980s. Expert systems were among the primary truly successful types of AI (AI) software.


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Deep Blue in IBM's headquarters in Armonk, N.Y. PHOTO: YVONNE HEMSEY/GETTY IMAGES

In 1996, IBM's Deep Blue computer lost its first match against Garry Kasparov which made the research team further their research in enhancing its ability to evaluate positions and moves.

The research team was able to double the Deep Blue Chess Playing Computer speed. The updated version of the Deep Blue computer was able to search up to 200 million options per second, reckoning on the pawns' position on the board. The researchers also increased the machine's knowledge of the sport by enabling the chess chip to acknowledge and evaluate chess concepts including positions and features of attack. The chips could then search through the chances and determine the most effective move.


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In the year 1997, IBM's Deep Blue (Artificial Intelligence) expert system made history when it became the first AI (Artificial Intelligence) computer to beat a reigning world chess champion, Garry Kasparov.

In a six-round game between Garry Kasparov and the Deep Blue Computer chess-playing game, the grandmaster, Garry Kasparov won the first game, the deep blue chess-playing computer won the second game. The remaining three games ended in a draw, and Deep Blue won the final game and was announced as the winner of the match.

Garry Kasparov accused the IBM team of cheating its way to victory. But the truth is that scientists had been very much willing to develop a computer that can play chess games since the late 1940s. Relating to a published article written on IBM's blog about Deep Blue (Artificial Intelligence) Computer, It made known that engineers and computer scientists used years to study and develop a perfect artificial intelligence expert system that happens to later beat a world champion, Garry Kasparov.


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Chess is among the most effective games of today and it has been played by countless people round the globe because it is a game that needs strategy, foresight, logic, and every quite quality that structures human intelligence. Which makes it the most effective fit as a measuring tool towards the development of AI (Artificial Intelligence)

Thanks for reading 🤝, don't forget to like ❤️, comment ✍️, and share.



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8 comments
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I didn´t count how often you mentioned AI in this post, but the programs of the 1990 had nothing to do with AI, AI was not even a common term used in that time (I know, as I was there). The "super computers" were just brute force calculating positions, but I guess not a single neural network was in place back then. Just take this statement from the makers of Deep Blue: “We’ve got one of the greatest concentrations of computing power ever focused on a single problem working here,” (src).

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Thanks, @stayoutoftherz for the comment 🤝. From my research, AI (Artificial Intelligence has been in existence since 1956 source.

IBM's Deep Blue Computer Chess-Playing Expert System was trained from collections of information written by chess masters back then. The ability of the system to be able to consume this data, process it, and make effective predictions and decisions just as humans can be termed Artificial Intelligence.

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The ability to consume&process data and do some outputs is what all computers do since the 1940ies or even the mechanical ones in the 19th century, but at least I don´t call that AI.

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(Edited)

I understand your point @stayoutoftherz and it is true that most computer consumes, process and gives output. But Deep Blue does more than that. Because of its ability to predict and make decisions that can ordinarily be done by human intelligence, which in my opinion makes it AI.

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5 cross posts, that is something. But I think it is better to post in the right community without cross posting. Nobody will go to the original post to vote for it. You are welcome to the chess community to post it there without cross posting all over the place. I see it as spamming, my opinion.

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Thanks, @schamangerbert for the corrections and suggestions. They are now well noted by me. I would count it as one of my newbie mistakes.

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My intention for cross-posting was to make it reach more audiences.

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