RE: The Robot (AI) That Defeated The World Chess Champion Garry Kasparov
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I didn´t count how often you mentioned AI in this post, but the programs of the 1990 had nothing to do with AI, AI was not even a common term used in that time (I know, as I was there). The "super computers" were just brute force calculating positions, but I guess not a single neural network was in place back then. Just take this statement from the makers of Deep Blue: “We’ve got one of the greatest concentrations of computing power ever focused on a single problem working here,” (src).
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Thanks, @stayoutoftherz for the comment 🤝. From my research, AI (Artificial Intelligence has been in existence since 1956 source.
IBM's Deep Blue Computer Chess-Playing Expert System was trained from collections of information written by chess masters back then. The ability of the system to be able to consume this data, process it, and make effective predictions and decisions just as humans can be termed Artificial Intelligence.
The ability to consume&process data and do some outputs is what all computers do since the 1940ies or even the mechanical ones in the 19th century, but at least I don´t call that AI.
I understand your point @stayoutoftherz and it is true that most computer consumes, process and gives output. But Deep Blue does more than that. Because of its ability to predict and make decisions that can ordinarily be done by human intelligence, which in my opinion makes it AI.