Does Mosquito Bites Transmit HIV?

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Three basic mechanisms have been suggested for mosquitoes to transmit AIDS: the first is based on the transmission of the virus in a second bite, as a result of HIV, which multiplies in the body of mosquitoes sucking blood from someone with AIDS, reaches their saliva. The second one is based on the possibility that a mosquito sucking blood from an AIDS patient, after being expelled before the sucking process is completed, is placed in another and when it starts to suck from there, the blood that is already in the sucking channel is emptied into the new host. The third is based on the placement of a mosquito, which is disturbed and expelled while sucking from an AIDS patient, in a new and healthy host, and its effort to suck the blood of that person. However, this time, the healthy individual crushes the mosquito during the sucking process and scatters all its blood around. Since the mosquito makes a small hole at the point where it starts to suck, the blood of the crushed mosquito sucks and the blood in its body leaks into it and transmits the disease. No research has been able to reach results that support even 1 of these 3 mechanisms. While mosquitoes are the #1 cause of death for humans today, they seem to be laundered, at least on AIDS.

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In order for a mosquito to transmit a disease from the main host to a new host, the disease-causing parasite (virus, bacteria, etc.) must be able to survive in the mosquito. Because the digestive enzymes of mosquitoes digest almost all the content in the blood by breaking it down. Various deadly parasites spread by mosquitoes have evolved to find a way to bypass these digestive enzymes and not present themselves as food. For example, the malaria parasite can survive in the mosquito for 9-12 days, while the encephalitis virus can survive for 10-25 days. Even in this process, these parasites can differentiate within the carrier, they go through different phases of their life cycles. However, studies reveal that HIV is clearly broken down like food in the mosquito's body. Because HIV has not gone through an evolutionary process to adapt to mosquitoes (for now). Therefore, HIV cannot reproduce in the mosquito, cannot reach the salivary glands and cannot be transferred.

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The amount of HIV in the body of AIDS patients is not large enough for a mosquito to infect another host. Although the numbers vary from patient to patient, in general, no more than 10 units of HIV-infected patients are encountered; even 70-80% of AIDS patients do not have detectable HIV in their blood (because HIV can remain inactive for very long periods of time). However, even if an individual were to have 1000 units of HIV in their blood, the calculations made would have had a 1 in 10 million probability of transmitting a single HIV HIV received from the main host by a single mosquito.

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Although many people imagine mosquitoes to be "flying, sickly syringes", mosquito syringes are terrible at transmitting disease compared to syringes that humans use. Because the structure of the mosquito's sucking channel is quite complex; For example, the food duct and the salivary duct are separate channels. The syringes we use are single-opened. When the blood drawn from one body is transferred to the other body, only one channel is used. When mosquitoes bite, the channel through which the blood is sucked is different, and the salivary channel, which usually causes diseases, is another. Therefore, the possibility of HIV transmission through the syringe we use is many times higher.



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