¿Qué es un capacitor electrolítico? // What is an electrolytic capacitor?

Hola compañeros de hive en esta ocasión vengo a mostrarle lo que es un capacitor electrolítico , primero que nada tenemos la definición:

Un capacitor es un tipo de condensador que utiliza un electrolito como uno de sus componentes principales para almacenar energía eléctrica. Estos capacitores son ampliamente utilizados en aplicaciones electrónicas debido a su alta capacidad de almacenamiento en relación con su tamaño.

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polaridad

Los capacitores electrolíticos tienen polaridad, lo que significa que tienen un terminal positivo y uno negativo que deben conectarse correctamente en un circuito. Conectar un capacitor electrolítico de manera incorrecta puede causar su falla o incluso explosión.

Ánodo: Generalmente una lámina de aluminio que actúa como el terminal positivo.

Cátodo: Un material conductor o una lámina de aluminio que actúa como el terminal negativo.

capacidad

Los capacitores electrolíticos pueden almacenar una gran cantidad de energía en comparación con otros tipos de capacitores. Su capacidad se mide en microfaradios (µF) o milifaradios (mF).

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También tienen su temperatura de funcionamiento escrita.

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Los capacitores electrolíticos tienen las caracteristicas escritas en su carcaza en este ejemplo vemos un capacitor de 350V y 100 Uf

aplicaciones

Se utilizan comúnmente en fuentes de alimentación, circuitos de filtrado, y como dispositivos de acoplamiento y desacoplamiento en diversas aplicaciones electrónicas.

Hay varios tipos de capacitores electrolíticos, incluyendo los de aluminio y los de tántalo, cada uno con sus propias ventajas y desventajas.

En general los capacitores electrolíticos sufren desperfectos por los años de uso o por alguna sobretensión , lo mas típico es que se "hinchen" se suelen cambiar y el aparato vuelve a funcionar correctamente.

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Hello hive colleagues, this time I come to show you what an electrolytic capacitor is, first of all we have the definition:

A capacitor is a type of capacitor that uses an electrolyte as one of its main components to store electrical energy. These capacitors are widely used in electronic applications due to their high storage capacity relative to their size.

IMG_20240603_144038090_AE.jpg

polarity

Electrolytic capacitors have polarity, meaning they have a positive and a negative terminal that must be connected correctly in a circuit. Connecting an electrolytic capacitor incorrectly can cause it to fail or even explode.

Anode: Generally a sheet of aluminum that acts as the positive terminal.

Cathode: A conductive material or aluminum foil that acts as the negative terminal.

ability

Electrolytic capacitors can store a large amount of energy compared to other types of capacitors. Its capacity is measured in microfarads (µF) or millifarads (mF).

IMG_20240527_151733610_AE.jpg

They also have their operating temperature written on them.

IMG_20240527_151737003_AE.jpg

Electrolytic capacitors have the characteristics written on their casing. In this example we see a 350V and 100 Uf capacitor.

Applications

They are commonly used in power supplies, filter circuits, and as coupling and decoupling devices in various electronic applications.

There are several types of electrolytic capacitors, including aluminum and tantalum, each with their own advantages and disadvantages.

In general, electrolytic capacitors suffer damage due to years of use or some overvoltage, the most typical thing is that they "swell" and are usually replaced and the device works correctly again.



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