Sistema de Captación de agua de Lluvia. Cálculos hidrológicos realizados/Rainwater Harvesting System. Hydrological calculations performed

Buenos días, Hive.

​Ya nuestro proyecto tiene rostro. Hemos determinado los escurrimientos y con ello podremos ya dimensionar nuestro sistema.

​En la primera imagen que les comparto, se reflejan los datos obtenidos de la lluvia para el área donde se ubica el proyecto. 1050 mm al año, según el mapa isoyético, es lo que llueve como altura de agua al año para esta zona.

​Se muestra además, el valor obtenido del área de techo de la institución. Con estos valores ya pasamos a realizar el balance hídrico, que no es más que un balance entre lo que se escurre al llover y lo que se consume. Esto, mensualmente.

​La distribución del escurrimiento es esencial, pues de esos 1050 mm que precipitan al año, nos indica el porciento que corresponde a cada mes. Así que a los meses que pertenecen al período húmedo, de mayo a octubre, corresponde la mayor cantidad.

​Ahora en la imagen 2, se muestra ya la tabla final de este balance. El volumen de agua que escurre hacia la cisterna mes por mes es el resultado de multiplicar la lámina de lluvia de ese mes (mm) por el área del techo. En la mayoría de los meses, es mayor lo que escurre que lo que se consume, por ende, la cisterna se mantendrá generalmente llena, incluso vertiendo un volumen que no se podrá almacenar por falta de capacidad.

​Para este caso, la demanda es un dato fijado por la inversión y corresponde a 268 m³, mientras que el volumen de almacenamiento también es un parámetro fijo, siendo su cuantía de 233 m³, referente al volumen real de la cisterna existente.

​Los tres parámetros marcados en amarillo en la tabla, indican que en esos meses lo que llueve y escurre es menor que lo que se consume; es ahí entonces que se suple ese déficit con agua almacenada en la cisterna, y ya para el mes de febrero la misma se queda prácticamente vacía, volumen que recupera totalmente a partir de marzo.

​Ya ahora lo que sigue es calcular las dimensiones de las canaletas que recogerán el agua del techo, los bajantes, los interceptores y la tubería que llevará finalmente el agua hasta la cisterna.

​Hasta la próxima.


Good morning, Hive.

​Our project now has a face. We have determined the runoff, and with that, we can now size our system.

​In the first image I am sharing with you, the data obtained regarding rainfall for the area where the project is located is reflected. 1050 mm per year, according to the isohyet map, is the rainfall depth per year for this zone.

​Additionally, the value obtained for the roof area of the institution is shown. With these values, we now move on to perform the water balance, which is nothing more than a balance between what runs off when it rains and what is consumed. This is done on a monthly basis.

​The runoff distribution is essential because, out of those 1050 mm of annual precipitation, it indicates the percentage that corresponds to each month. Thus, the months belonging to the wet period, from May to October, account for the largest amount.

​Now, in image 2, the final table of this balance is shown. The volume of water that runs off into the cistern month by month is the result of multiplying the rainfall depth of that month (mm) by the roof area. In most months, the runoff is greater than what is consumed; therefore, the cistern will generally remain full, even overflowing a volume that cannot be stored due to a lack of capacity.

​For this case, the demand is a figure set by the investment and corresponds to 268 m³, while the storage volume is also a fixed parameter, its amount being 233 m³, referring to the actual volume of the existing cistern.

​The three parameters marked in yellow in the table indicate that in those months, the rainfall and runoff are less than what is consumed; it is then that this deficit is supplied by water stored in the cistern, and by the month of February, it becomes practically empty, a volume that fully recovers starting in March.

​What follows now is to calculate the dimensions of the gutters that will collect the water from the roof, the downspouts, the first-flush diverters, and the pipeline that will finally carry the water to the cistern.

​Until next time.



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