The first galaxies in the universe

They have captured the oldest galaxy ever recorded, it could be called ancient because it was created just a few hundred million years after the Big Bang, and all thanks to the James Webb Space Telescope.

It is assumed that these ancestral galaxies were basically made of hydrogen and helium, the lightest and most basic elements in the universe, the heavier elements including those that gave rise to life such as oxygen, carbon or iron were formed later thanks to the fusion within massive stars, which when they exploded dispersed these elements throughout the cosmos, allowing the creation of rocky planets like Earth and then the development of life.

This is the theory assumed until now because here we come to the first Enigma and that is that the light of the galaxy is not as blue as it should be, which indicates that part of the light is reddened and not because of the distance, that is already discounted, It has an added redness due to the dust, that is, to all those heavy elements that I was telling you about.

And this means that before the light that we are seeing from this ancestral galaxy, there must have been several generations of massive stars that were born, fused elements and exploded again; It is true that massive stars live much less time than stars like the sun, if a star like ours has an existence of about 10,000 million years, a massive star can live about 10 million years or a little more, but still It is disconcerting to think that several generations of massive stars existed so close to the origin of the universe.

The second enigma comes thanks to the fact that with the James Webb it was possible to measure the diameter of the light emission of the galaxy, which is more than 1600 light years from end to end, this measurement shows that the light we see comes mainly from stars young people and not from missions close to a growing supermassive black hole.

NASA questions, literally, what it said in the statement, that so much starlight implies that this ancient galaxy has at least several hundred million times the mass of the sun, which raises the question of how the universe could create a galaxy. so large, massive and bright in less than 300 million years, this is what astronomers are wondering and it has them baffled.

Those first galaxies should be smaller, less massive and less bright, the current theory is that over time these small galaxies would merge or capture clouds of gas and dust to grow and mature until they become like ours, the way dairy; But this finding questions the speed at which they grew. Scientists expected to see a 10-month-old baby, but they are seeing a young man full of energy and dynamism. What happened in that cosmic dawn?

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