The farthest and closest point from the sun

On January 3 of this new year, the planet approached (called perihelion) its closest approach in annual orbit to the sun, at a distance of 147,990 711 km also means that the earth traveled faster, reaching a speed of 110,700 km, the opposite position will be in July moving away (called aphelion) to about 152.100478 km.

Many will wonder that we are closer to the sun and in the northern hemisphere it is winter and cold, this is determined by the seasons and the planet's climate is the inclination of the earth's axis, which is tilted at about 23.5 degrees.

This also influences the variation throughout the day in the hours of light and night, in winter the hours of light are much less than in summer, in Portugal, for example, on June days the sun can illuminate for about 15 hours while in December the hours of light are just over 9 hours a day.

Not only are the hours in which we receive heat from the sun fewer in winter, but the sun is lower in the sky and therefore its rays fall more obliquely, a solar ray or rather solar radiation is the same as you on one side than on the other, but when the sun's rays fall perpendicularly, each square meter of surface receives much more of them and therefore more energy than when the rays arrive obliquely or inclined.

That is something that we can notice perfectly in summer, because the heat we feel having the sun above our heads at midday is not the same as it is in the late afternoon when the sun is below the horizon.

But between the moment of closest approach to the sun and the moment of furthest distance there is a difference of about 5 million kilometers, but does that have some effect on the earth's climate, well yes, it is a small but curious effect, it has been calculated that These 5 million kilometers represent a variation of solar energy that the earth receives of about 6.8%. This makes winters in the northern hemisphere slightly warmer and milder than winters in the southern hemisphere.

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