"Bejuco tronador" (planta) - "Ballon vine" (plant).

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(Edited)
Mientras me encontraba explorando en una montaña, vi una planta que en su estructura mostraba unas partes de color marrón que no sabía que eran. Aunque era de difícil acceso, la curiosidad me hizo llegar hasta ella y la fotografié.

While I was exploring in a mountain, I saw a plant that showed some brown parts in its structure that I didn't know what they were. Although it was difficult to access, curiosity made me get to it and I photographed it.

Al llegar a casa, indagando en la literatura encontré que la planta es del género Cardiospermum, incluido en la tribu Paullinieae, familia Sapindaceae, subfamilia Sapindoideae y comprende 16 especies de distribución pantropical (regiones tropicales en todos los continentes mayores). Más específicamente, es la especie Cardiospermum corindum, conocida popularmente como Bejuco tronador.

Upon arriving home, I searched the literature and found that the plant belongs to the genus Cardiospermum, included in the tribe Paullinieae, family Sapindaceae, subfamily Sapindoideae and comprises 16 species of pantropical distribution (tropical regions in all major continents). More specifically, it is the species Cardiospermum corindum, popularly known as Balloon vine.

Cardiospermum corindum es una enredadera perenne trepadora de zarcillos que crece entre 3 y 6 metros, con hojas que tienen foliolos poco dentados (de crenados a serrados) a profundamente lobulados y pubescentes; acuminado a agudo y apiculado en el ápice, atenuado a truncado en la base.

Cardiospermum corindum is a tendril-climbing evergreen vine that grows 3 to 6 meters, with leaves having leaflets that are shallowly toothed (crenate to serrate) to deeply lobed and pubescent; acuminate to acute and apiculate at the apex, attenuate to truncate at the base.

La planta tiene inflorescencias de tipo corimbo a paniculadas con vistosas flores de pétalos blancos y elípticos. Las flores son pequeñas, asimétricas y tienen un tamaño de 4 a 10 milímetros.

The plant has corymb-like to paniculate inflorescences with showy flowers with elliptic white petals. The flowers are small, asymmetrical and have a size of 4 to 10 millimeters.

Las partes de color marrón que vi en la estructura de la planta, y que no sabía que eran, resultaron ser los frutos. El fruto de la planta es bastante curioso. Son cápsulas globosas agrandadas no aladas de forma ovoide o elipsoide de aproximadamente 2,5 centímetros de ancho, inicialmente de color verde que se vuelve marrón rojizo. Dentro tiene 3 semillas que miden hasta 5,0 milímetros. Son globosas o redondas e inicialmente son verdes y se vuelven negras y están cubiertas con "paredes de papel" que al parecer son carpelos (hojas modificadas). Lo curioso además es que son frutos sin pulpa.

The brown parts that I saw on the structure of the plant, which I did not know what they were, turned out to be the fruits. The fruit of the plant is quite curious. They are enlarged globose non-winged ovoid or ellipsoid shaped capsules about 2.5 centimeters wide, initially green in color turning reddish brown. Inside it has 3 seeds measuring up to 5.0 millimeters. They are globose or round and are initially green and turn black and are covered with "paper walls" that apparently are carpels (modified leaves). What is also curious is that they are fruits without pulp.

Agarré uno de los frutos y lo abrí hasta que las semillas quedaran expuestas. Muestro las siguientes fotografías, en secuencia, para que se aprecie.

I grabbed one of the fruits and opened it until the seeds were exposed. I show the following photographs, in sequence, so that it can be appreciated.

Por otro lado, estudios fitoquímicos realizados a la especie de las fotografías han revelado la presencia de los compuestos químicos 3′,4′-di-O-metil luteolina-7-β-D-glucurónido, mio-inositol, 1-metil 4-{[2-(4-nitrofenil) etenil] sulfonil}benceno, 1-{[2-metoxi-2 (4-nitrofenil) etil] sulfonil} 4-metilbenceno, β-sitosterol y estigmasterol. También, investigación fitoquímica de las partes aéreas de Cardiospermum corindum, ha permitido identificar dos triterpenos [friedelina y friedelinol], dos cumarinas [umbeliferona y escopoletina], tres flavonas metoxiladas [umuhengerina, luteolina 3',4'-dimetiléter y crisoeriol], un glucósido no cianógeno [epidermina] y un ciclitol [(L)-quebrachitol].

On the other hand, phytochemical studies carried out on the species in the photographs have revealed the presence of the chemical compounds 3′,4′-di-O-methyl luteolin-7-β-D-glucuronide, myo-inositol, 1-methyl 4-{[2-(4-nitrophenyl) ethenyl] sulfonyl}benzene, 1-{[2-methoxy-2 (4-nitrophenyl) ethyl] sulfonyl} 4-methylbenzene, β-sitosterol and stigmasterol. Also, phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Cardiospermum corindum has identified two triterpenes [friedelin and friedelinol], two coumarins [umbelliferone and scopoletin], three methoxylated flavones [umuhengerin, luteolin 3',4'-dimethyl ether and chrysoeriol], a non-cyanogenic glycoside [epidermin] and one cyclitol [(L)-quebrachitol].

Algunas especies del género Cardiospermum tienen importantes actividades biológicas, como antiinflamatorias, antipiréticas y antiartríticas, y se emplean popularmente en el tratamiento de enfermedades del sistema nervioso central, el reumatismo y como diurético.

Some species of the genus Cardiospermum have important biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and anti-arthritis, and are popularly employed in the treatment of diseases of the central nervous system, rheumatism and as a diuretic.

En Brasil, la infusión de cualquier parte de la planta en las fotografías Cardiospermum corindum) es utilizada para tratar los trastornos hepáticos y el reumatismo, como tónico para la memoria, como diurético y emenagogo, y como se han aislado e identificado químicamente varios compuestos de las partes aéreas de la planta, unos investigadores estudiaron los efectos de extractos hidroetanólicos de las partes aéreas en la úlcera gástrica de rata inducida por etanol, su efecto antiespasmódico en el íleon de rata aislado y su toxicidad aguda. En la investigación concluyeron que aportaron pruebas de que las partes aéreas de Cardiospermum corindum promueven la protección gástrica en ratas, y efectos antiespasmódicos intestinales in vitro, incluso sin causar ninguna toxicidad aguda, por lo que los resultados justificaron el uso de la planta en la medicina popular para el tratamiento de la úlcera gástrica.

In Brazil, the infusion of any part of the plant in photographs (Cardiospermum corindum) is used to treat liver disturbs and rheumatism, as a tonic for memory, as a diuretic and emmenagogue, and since several compounds have been isolated and chemically identified from the aerial parts of the plant, researchers studied the effects of hydroethanolic extracts of the aerial parts on ethanol-induced rat gastric ulcer, their antispasmodic effect on isolated rat ileum, and their acute toxicity. In the research they concluded that they provided evidence that the aerial parts of Cardiospermum corindum promote gastric protection in rats, and intestinal antispasmodic effects in vitro, even without causing any acute toxicity, so the results justified the use of the plant in folk medicine for the treatment of gastric ulcer.

También se ha evaluado la actividad anticancerígena in vitro de extractos metanólicos de Cardiospermum corindum utilizando una línea celular de cáncer de mama ductal humano (T-47) para determinar sus efectos sobre la viabilidad celular y la inhibición del crecimiento, y se demostró que la viabilidad celular de los extractos mostró una disminución significativa en la línea celular de cáncer de mama ductal humano y en relación con la inhibición del crecimiento, también mostró una reducción significativa en la línea celular de cáncer de mama ductal humano.

The in vitro anticancer activity of methanolic extracts of Cardiospermum corindum has also been evaluated using a human ductal breast cancer cell line (T-47) to determine their effects on cell viability and growth inhibition, and it was demonstrated that the cell viability of the extracts showed a significant decrease in the human ductal breast cancer cell line and in relation to growth inhibition, it also showed a significant reduction in the human ductal breast cancer cell line.

Cabe destacar, que la actividad hepato-protectora de raíces de Cardiospermum corindum, se ha investigado utilizando diferentes extractos contra la hepatotoxicidad inducida por CCl4 en ratas albinas, y se demostró que entre los diferentes extractos de la raíz como el éter de petróleo, metanol, acetona, cloroformo y metanólico que fueron utilizados, el extracto metanólico dio la máxima actividad significativa hepato-protectora en comparación con el fármaco de control utilizado (silimarina). Además, el extracto de éter de petróleo y el extracto de acetona también presentaron propiedades hepatoprotectoras.

It is noteworthy, that the hepato-protective activity of Cardiospermum corindum roots, has been investigated using different extracts against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats, and it was shown that among the different root extracts like petroleum ether, methanol, acetone, chloroform and methanolic that were used, the methanolic extract gave the maximum significant hepato-protective activity as compared to the control drug used (silymarin). Moreover, petroleum ether extract and acetone extract also exhibited hepatoprotective properties.

Semillas y frutos de la planta se pueden ver en video.

Seeds and fruits of the plant can be watched on video.

Referencias - References

Imágenes capturadas con cámara digital Panasonic DMC-FH4.

Images captured with Panasonic DMC-FH4 digital camera.



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9 comments
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Dear @capp,
Your support for the current HiveSQL proposal (#138) is much appreciated but the proposal will expire soon!
May I ask you to review and support the new proposal so HiveSQL can stay free to use for the community?
You can support the new proposal (#247) on Peakd, Ecency, Hive.blog or using HiveSigner.

Thank you!

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Hi @arcange, I supported the proposal, greetings.

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Thank you, looking forward to getting your vote for the proposal ⏳🙂
All you need to do is to click on the "support" button on this page. It won't cost you anything!

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I thought it was #138, I already supported #247, good luck.

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#138 is the one that will expire end of this month.
Thank you for your support @capp, really appreciate it! 👍

Without imposing and as we are in a renewal period for proposals, if you could take a look at the HiveBuzz Proposal Renewal - #248 as well 😁

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I have already seen it and supported it, they do excellent work.

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Thank you for your support @capp, really appreciate it! 👍

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