Greetings friends addicted to science, today there was pleasant weather and I decided to go for a walk to a new trail that is a few kilometers from my house and of course I took advantage of taking my "scientific material" to bring some organic samples that I would call my Attention and that they would be interesting to see under the microscope, today's post is loaded with good biological material because I photographed many very beautiful and "deadly" species such as mushrooms, which I saw more than five species, I will try to identify as many species as possible. possible or at least manage to discover the family or the order!๐๐ท๐จโ๐ป
Saludos amigos adictos a la ciencia, hoy habia un agradable clima y decidi ir a dar una caminata a un nuevo sendero que esta a pocos kilometros de mi casa y por supuesto aproveche en llevar mi "material cientifico" para traer algunas muestras organicas que llamaran mi atencion y que serian interesante verlas en el microscopio, el post de hoy esta cargado de buen material biologico pues fotografie muchas especies muy bonitas y "mortales" como son los hongos los cuales vi mas de cinco especies, tratare de identificar la mayor cantidad de especies posibles o al menos lograr descubrir la familia o el orden!๐โโ๏ธ๐ฌ
I am not an expert at identifying mushrooms so can you correct me if I am wrong, it is probably Lepiota ochraceodisca the bell measures between 3-6 centimeters, this one was small so the color, shape and size are very consistent, the seasons each year bring changes in nature awakening species that only appear in the soil when there is abundant rain and humidity, such is the case of fungi, which have an important role in nature, they do not even need to "feed" so they are very resistant, they are autotrophic species .๐๐ท๐๐ง
No soy experto identificando hongos asi que pueden corregirme si estoy equivocado, probablemente se trate de Lepiota ochraceodisca la campana mide entre 3-6 centimetros, esta era pequeรฑa asi que el color, la forma y el tamaรฑo son muy consistentes, las estaciones cada aรฑo traen cambios en la naturaleza despertando especies que solo aparecen en el suelo cuando hay abundante lluvia y humedad tal es el caso de los hongos, quienes tienen un papel importante en la naturaleza, ni siquiera necesitan "alimentarse" por lo que son muy resistentes son especies autotrofas.๐ฌ๐โโ๏ธ๐
Here we probably see a Lactarius vinaceorufescens, this has different characteristics than the previous one because the bell is much larger and even has a certain curvature, they are known as "milky yellow latex" and boy, if you come across one of them, don't eat it because it is very toxic, they can measure up to 7cm long and the cap is quite large, reaching 12cm, common in the months of August and October๐ง ๐๐ท
Aqui vemos probablemente un Lactarius vinaceorufescens este tiene caracteristicas diferentes al anterior porque la campana es mucho mayor y hasta tiene cierta curvatura, son conocidos como "lechoso amarillo de latex" y vaya que si te cruzas con uno de ellos no lo vayas a comer pues es muy toxico, pueden medir hasta 7cm de largo y el sombrero bastante mayor alcanzando los 12cm, comunes en los meses de agosto y octubre๐๐จโ๐ซ๐จโ๐ป
Knowing that there are so many species of toxic fungi, the question we ask ourselves is how do they manage to spread if there are no animals that consume them just as plant seeds do??? The fungi kingdom is special for its unique characteristics when they are "sexually mature" the hat becomes very fragile and it is enough for any object, animal, or even the wind to touch it with enough force to break and spread the spores!๐๐
Sabiendo que hay tantas especies de hongos toxicos, la pregunta que nos hacemos es como logran esparcirse si no hay animales que los consumas asi tal cual como lo hacen las semillas de las plantas??? el reino fungi es especial por sus caracteristicas unicas cuando son "maduros sexualmente" el sobrero es torna muy fragil y basta que cualquier objeto, animal, o inclusive el viento lo toque con la fuerza suficiente para romperse y esparcir las esporas!๐โโ๏ธ๐ท
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnopilus
Mushrooms and colors๐๐ท/ Hongos y los colores๐๐ง
We know by natural biological law that every very colorful living being has a warning defense mechanism. This is common with fish, amphibians, and arthropods. It could be said that the law is similar with fungi. Most of those consumables have pale colors, but the brighter and more colorful, such is the case of the genus Gymnopilus, they are too toxic and many are reddish and large, this order includes more than 200 species throughout the planet.๐๐๐
Sabemos por ley biologica natural que todo ser vivo muy colorido tiene un mecanismo de defensa de advertencia esto es comun con los peces, anfibios, artropodos, podria decirse que la ley es similar con los hongos la mayoria de aquellos consumibles tienen colores palidos, pero los mas brillantes y coloridos tal es el caso del genero Gymnopilus son demasiado toxicos y muchos son rojizos y de gran porte, este orden comprende mas de 200 especies en todo el planeta๐ง ๐๐โโ๏ธ
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnopilus
While I was walking I saw mushrooms growing in the strangest possible places, from animal excrement to inside trunks, seeds, leaf litter, and this reveals to us the importance of the phylum in the ecosystem, they are great regulators of the ecosystems on the planet since their main function is decompose and degrade organic matter due to its chemical components, they also work as pest controllers.๐๐๐ท
Mientras caminaba vi crecer hongos en los sitios mas extraรฑos posibles desde excrementos de animales hasta dentro de troncos, semillas, hojarasca, y esto nos revela la importancia del filo en el ecosistema son grandes reguladores de los ecosistemas en el planeta puesto que su principal funcion es descomponer y degradar la materia organica debido a sus componentes quimicos tambien trabajan como controladores de plagas.๐จโ๐ซ๐
https://www.inecol.mx/inecol/index.php/es/ct-menu-item-25/ct-menu-item-27/17-ciencia-hoy/1835-los-hongos-en-los-ecosistemas#:~:text=Los%20hongos%20son%20vitales%20para,3)%20descomponedores%20de%20materia%20org%C3%A1nica.
Species observed in the nature reserve๐๐ท/Especies observadas en la reserva natural๐๐ง
gymnopilus๐๐โโ๏ธ
For many years it was thought that fungi were plants because they cannot move, however in theory they are more similar to animals because they are not capable of synthesizing their own energy, they are composed of the "fruiting body", the " universal veil", "pileo", "hymenium", "stipe", "ring" and "volva". Spherical cells stand out in some fungi because they are made up of microcells that join together into large colonies.๐
Por muchos aรฑos se penso que los hongos eran plantas debido a que no se pueden mover sin embargo son en teoria mas parecido a los animales debido a que no son capaces de sintetizar su propia energia, estan compuesto por el "cuerpo fructifero", el "velo universal", "pileo", "himenio", "estipe", "anillo" y "volva". Las celulas esfericas destacan a algunos hongos porque se conforman de microcelulas que se unen en grandes colonias. ๐โโ๏ธ๐
https://www.ecologiaverde.com/estructura-de-los-hongos-3676.html
These are the characteristics of a Mediterranean landscape, the Murta reserve is about that, a walk in nature that allows you to exercise and at the same time learn as much as possible about the biology of all the animals, plants and fungi that grow within the natural reserve that is important for the society that lives around my province since it is a small natural lung within a "concrete jungle."๐จโ๐ซ๐๐
Estas son las caracteristicas de un paisaje mediterranico la reserva de Murta se trata de eso un paseo en la naturaleza que te permite ejercitarte y al mismo tiempo aprender la mayor cantidad posible sobre la biologia de todos los animales, plantas y hongos que crecen dentro de la reserva natural que es importante para la sociedad que habita los alrededores de mi provincia ya que es un pequeรฑo pulmon natural dentro de una "selva de concreto".๐ง ๐งญ
Another microworld๐๐ท/Otro micromundo๐๐ง
La mejor parte de un hongo no es fotografiarlo y admirar su color, es cuando tomamos una muestra y la observamos al microscopio aqui descubrimos muchas cosas interesantes, por ejemplo siempre veo animales microscopicos que aprovechan para alimentarse y utilizar las laminillas como refugio, aqui vemos varias fotografias del "pileo" o sombrero, la parte de abajo del sombrero es el himeo todas las fotografias fueron tomadas con la macrolente del microscopio a 5,30x no existen tejidos como tal en los hongos si no capas de celulas a esto se le llama micelios.๐๐ง ๐จโ๐ป
The best part of a mushroom is not photographing it and admiring its color, it is when we take a sample and observe it under the microscope. Here we discover many interesting things, for example I always see microscopic animals that take advantage of it to feed and use the lamellae as shelter, here we see several photographs of the "pileo" or hat, the bottom part of the hat is the himeo all the photographs were taken with the macrolens of the microscope at 5.30x there are no tissues as such in fungi but rather layers of cells, this is called mycelia .๐๐จโ๐ซ๐
https://aula.campuspanamericana.com/_Cursos/Curso01417/Temario/Experto_Med_Tropical/M5T1-Texto.pdf
Identifying lichens is not easy but I am almost sure that it is Chrysothrix candelaris. Its common name is mustard dust lichen. Its main characteristic is that it almost always grows on the bark of trees. However, records of growth on rocks have already been made. They are common in Mediterranean forests in the autumn, winter and spring season, lichens are fantastic because they are like an association between a fungus and a plant, (holobiont) when you have a lot of experience identifying them you realize that it is a very complex world๐จโ๐ป๐ท๐
Identificar los liquenes no es facil pero estoy casi seguro que se trata de Chrysothrix candelaris su nombre comun es liquen polvo de mostaza, su principal caracteristica es que crece casi siempre en la corteza de los arboles sin embargo ya se hicieron registros de crecimientos sobre rocas, son comunes en bosques mediterranicos en la epoca de otoรฑo invierno y primavera, los liquenes son fantasticos porque son como una asociasion entre hongo y planta, (holobionte) cuando se tiene mucha experiencia identificandolos te das cuenta que es un mundo muy complejo๐ง ๐๐
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysothrix_candelaris
interpretive center ๐๐ท/Centro interpretativo๐๐ง
This is where the magic happens and without a doubt my favorite part, the Murta interpretive center is a space intended for learning about the Mediterranean forest that makes up Portugal. Here you have the possibility of obtaining information through the use of bibliographic reference or you can be advised by a biologist. Since when the interpretive center opens, there is a professional here to guide you and teach you everything about the species and the ecology of the nature reserve. They have a small section to interact and touch some samples of animal skins.๐๐
Aqui es donde ocurre la magia y sin duda mi parte favorita el centro interpretativo de Murta es un espacio destinado al aprendizaje sobre el bosque mediterranico que conforma Portugal, aqui tienes la posibilidad de conseguir informacion mediante uso de referencia bibliografica o puedes ser asesorado por algun biologo ya que cuando abre el centro interpretativo hay aqui un profesional para orientarte y enseรฑarte todo sobre las especies y la ecologia de la reserva natural, tienen una pequeรฑa seccion para interactuar y tocar algunas muestras de pieles de animales.๐๐จโ๐ซ
Animals photographed in the reserve๐๐ท/Animales fotografiados en la reserva๐๐ง
The easiest to photograph will always be insects or any other arthropod since their movement is slower, however in the reserve there are all types of animals, highlighting mammals such as Vulpes vulpes, wild boars, there are also several types of birds, in total biologists who direct the project to date have already counted more than 500 species within the park! When natural ponds are formed, amphibians abound, of which more than 4 species have already been recorded.๐๐๐จโ๐ซ
Los mas faciles siempre de fotografiar seran los insectos o cualquier otro artropodo ya que su movimiento es mas lento, sin embargo en la reserva hay todo tipo de animales destacando mamiferos como Vulpes vulpes, jabalis, tambien hay varios tipos de aves, en total los biologos que dirigen el proyecto hasta la fecha ya contabilizaron mas de 500 especies dentro del parque! cuando se forman las charcas naturales abundan los anfibios de los cuales ya se contabilizaron mas de 4 especies.๐จโ๐ป๐ฉ๐โโ๏ธ
Enjoy the landscape๐๐ท/Disfruta del paisaje๐๐ง
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